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In construction terminology, an “elbow,” often referred to as an “ell,” is a fitting used in plumbing and piping systems to change the direction of the flow of fluids, typically water, gas, or sewage. Elbows are essential components for routing pipes around obstacles or corners while maintaining a continuous flow.

Key Characteristics and Types:

1. Angle: Elbows are available in various angles, with the most common being 45 degrees and 90 degrees. These angles dictate the degree of turn that the pipe makes.

2. Material: Elbows are manufactured from different materials, including PVC, copper, steel, and brass. The choice of material depends on factors such as the type of fluid being transported, pressure requirements, and environmental conditions.

3. Connection Type: Elbows can have different connection types, such as threaded, solvent weld (for PVC), soldered (for copper), or flanged. The connection type determines how the elbow is joined to the pipe system.

4. Size: Elbows come in various sizes to accommodate different pipe diameters and system requirements. The size of the elbow must match the size of the pipes it connects to ensure proper flow and compatibility.

5. Direction: Elbows can be either “long radius” or “short radius.” Long-radius elbows have a larger radius, resulting in smoother flow and less pressure drop, making them suitable for high-flow applications. Short-radius elbows have a tighter turn and are used in tighter spaces where a sharper bend is required.

Applications:

Elbows are commonly used in plumbing systems for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Some common uses include:
– Redirecting pipes around obstacles such as beams, walls, or other piping.
– Connecting pipes at corners or junctions.
– Routing pipes vertically, horizontally, or diagonally as needed to accommodate the layout of the building or system.

Maintenance and Installation:

Proper installation of elbows is crucial to ensure leak-free operation and optimal flow within the piping system. This includes proper alignment, secure connections, and adherence to building codes and standards. Regular inspection and maintenance of elbows, along with the rest of the piping system, help prevent leaks, corrosion, and other issues that may arise over time.

Example Sentence:
The plumber installed a 90-degree elbow fitting to redirect the water flow around the corner and connect the supply line to the kitchen sink.

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